i-File: Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy
A 55-year-old female presented to the Cornea clinic with gradually progressive diminution of vision in both eyes for 1 year, which was associated with intermittent photophobia and colored haloes around lights, especially on waking up in the morning. The blurry vision gradually became clearer as the day progressed. No history of associated pain, watering, redness, itching, or discharge. Past Ocular...Read More
i-File: Idiopathic Juxtafoveal Retinal Telangiectasia
Question A 61-year-old presented with OU diminution of vision. He complains of distortion of letters which he has noticed in the last few months. He is a well-controlled diabetic for 13 years. There are no other systemic issues. Examination revealed a BCVA of OD 6/18(P) N8, OS 6/24 N8. The anterior segment is unremarkable except for pseudophakia OU (no e/o PCO). Fundus and FFA as shown What is the...Read More
i-File: Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM)
Question A 52-year-old female presented with sudden onset blurring of vision in OD for 2 weeks. She is a known case of hypothyroidism on regular treatment. There is no other systemic illness. The best-corrected visual acuity in OD was 6/36(p) N12 and 6/6 N6 in OS. The anterior segment is unremarkable. The fundus is as shown: What is the most probable diagnosis? How will you manage the case (invest...Read More
Question A healthy 26-year-male presented with sudden onset diminution of vision in OS of 1-week duration. The loss of vision was not associated with any trauma, pain, redness. No history of flashes. No previous history of a similar episode. On examination BCVA OD: 6/9 N6; OS: HM. Anterior segment unremarkable OU. Fundus: OD: as depicted in the fundus and FFA, OS: had a dense vitreous hemorrhage W...Read More
Balancing Clinical and Research Work
How does one balance between clinical and research work? This is an often-repeated question-probably because the answer is never clear. The fulcrum of the balance is not the same for everyone. Let us pause for a while and try to define certain things to bring clarity. What is clinical work? This is perhaps best defined as the time and effort involved in direct care of patients. Obviously, it also ...Read More
Facial Spasms: Diagnosis and Management
Introduction Dystonia is defined as a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive, movements, postures, or both [1]. They may be isolated or combined with other neurological symptoms or movement disorders [1]. Dystonia is classified based on the age of onset, etiology, clinical features, and body distribution. The body distrib...Read More
Choroidal Neovascular Membrane: Made Easy For Postgraduates
Introduction Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) is a growth of new choroidal vessels into the subretinal space through breaks in the Bruch's membrane. Ophthalmoscopically the CNVM appears as a greenish-grey lesion, often with a detachment of the sensory retina, subretinal blood, and exudates. Choroidal neovascularization can be multifactorial with the c...Read More
Ten Pearls for the Diagnosis & Management of Binocular Vision Anomalies
The prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies is on the rise over the last decade. The prevalence reports from various parts of the globe quote a high prevalence ranging between 28.5-31.5% among school children (1,2). It is also shown in a recent study that clinically significant convergence insufficiency can impair stereo-acuity in children necessitating the diagnosis and management...Read More
