Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis - FIVE Important Points We Should Know
Allergic conjunctivitis, which includes a spectrum of clinical entities is one of the most common conditions with which patients present to a general ophthalmologist. They include milder forms like seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis as well as severe forms like vernal and atopic which can be sight-threatening. In spite of common clinical and immunological features vernal keratoconjunct...Read More
How to examine a case of strabismus ?
There is no substitute to good history obtained at the start of the examination As history gives us a direction to look for, and find pertinent signs aiding in diagnosis and management. The various presenting complaints could range from abnormal head posture, deviation noticed by parents or friends, intermittent eye closure, double vision and so on. Some important points to be noted in patients wi...Read More
Capsulorhexis was pioneered and popularized by Howard Gimbel. Capsulorhexis is probably the most challenging to learn in cataract surgery, in other words, once a good rhexis is done half the battle is won. All the Post- Graduates and beginners struggle to do rhexis. This article has compiled small tips and tricks to do rhexis better. Ideally, rhexis should be continuous and curvilinear i.e Circula...Read More
Pan Retinal Photocoagulation (PRP), Focal Laser & Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Technique & Tips.
Introduction ‘LASER’ is acronym for “Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation.” This describes the emission process by which an intense beam of electromagnetic radiation is generated Basic Properties of Laser Always monochromatic (one wavelength) Collimated (all photons run parallel) & focused to a small point Coherent (always in same phase) Highest possible speed Physics Certain subst...Read More
Ten Tips and Tricks to Examine a child in Your Practice
1. Choosing the best time: Train your clinic receptionist to ask the parents when the child is likely to be cooperative and/or awake. It is not uncommon for infants to sleep a lot during the day. It is also not uncommon for children on anti-seizure medication to be sleepy, thereby making examination difficult. 2. Child-friendly atmosphere: Train your staff to speak to the child and address the chi...Read More
FIve Points You Must Note While Examining An Optic Disc
Disc size A normal disk can be of small size and a normal disk can be of a larger size; size by itself does not determine glaucoma. It is relevant because the disk size determines the C:D ratio and the neuroretinal rim thereof. In a large disc one would expect a large cup and a large neuroretinal rim and in a small disc there is usually no cup. Disc size should be grouped as normal, small or large...Read More
Beginners Guide for Performing Vitrectomy
Know your cutter and machine. Current generation vitrectomy cutters work by guillotine mechanism where vacuum holds the Vitreous fibers and presents it to guillotine blade that severs it in one swift motion without exerting significant on fibers. The cutting process needs a fine balance between the speed of cutting and the “pull” created by the vacuum. Higher cutting rates like 10000 cpm allow the...Read More
A Beginners Guide to Ophthalmic Surgical Microscope
An operating surgical microscope is the most important optical instrument in the modern era of ophthalmic surgeries. It provides the surgeon with a magnified and illuminated high-quality image of the small ophthalmic structures. Being binocular the surgical microscopes gives the additional benefit of high-quality stereoscopy. History The first German doctor to use a stereomicroscope was Dr. Hans H...Read More
Ten Tips for Postgraduates Preparing for Exams
Everyone is going to tell you that you have to study from Day 1 of your course and you have to be systematic. Most of you, however, will end up postponing studying for exams till the very end. So here are some tips to help ease the tension and anxiety associated with exam preparation. Question bank: Familiarize yourself with the question bank for your course, especially for the last 5 years. Quest...Read More
Practical Examination DNB Ophthalmology
The following write-up contains some of the frequently asked topics during the DNB practical examinations. Do keep in mind that this is just a sample, the scope of Ophthalmology is vast and it’s the 3 years effort put in during the course of residency that makes you comfortable to face the examination. It is important to have a thorough knowledge of the frequently asked questions, rather than know...Read More