Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU)
Introduction: Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU) is a mysterious eye disease with grave prognosis, reported only from Nepal. Though it was reported for the first time in 1975,1-3 no definite etiopathogenesis has been established to date. It occurs as an outbreak in certain regions of Nepal in a cyclical pattern during the autumn season and peaks during the winter season (August–December) only ...Read More
Musings from the Wise in the Covid Era
We all are in the midst of an unprecedented global crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This global pandemic has changed the ophthalmology practice pattern and there is an atmosphere of growing uncertainty among the ophthalmologists. We three spoke to some of the finest and sharpest minds in Indian ophthalmology and teachers of the teachers. Dr. Amod Gupta is a world-renowned ophthalmologist and t...Read More
Epiretinal membranes(ERM) are acquired formation of semi-transparent cellular sheets on the macular surface, which are formed due to varied etiologies. These membranes have contractile properties, often leading to mechanical distortion of macula. The proliferation of ERM on the inner retinal surface along the internal limiting membrane was first described by Iwanoff in 1865 1. In 1971, Roth and Fo...Read More
INTRODUCTION Pars plana vitrectomy as a technique has revolutionized retinal surgery since its advent and initial report by Machemer et al 1. It allowed the removal of traction by an internal method, essential in retinal detachment procedures, as well as provided an active management modality for vitreous haemorrhage and opened the door for surgical intervention in a myriad of retinal pathologies....Read More
Chemical Injuries of Eye - An Update.
Introduction It is very frequent to encounter chemical injury in our routine ophthalmic practice. Most of the chemical injuries are minor, which heal without any squeal. Most are acids and alkalis. Alkali injuries are more common (nearly twice) than acids and are more severe in nature. It is of utmost importance to recognize the nature of chemicals for treating such patients. Here, we review the c...Read More
Editor's Take: Prof. Francesco Bandello
Research forms an important part in the development of the scientific community. It has implications for formation of policies and future implementation. For many of us it is the first time navigating through uncharted territories while many have tread this path repeatedly. But a question that remains in every researcher's mind is what one must keep in mind before formally taking up the study ...Read More
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. It almost accounts for 2.6% of treatable blindness globally (1). It is estimated that the overall prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is 34.6 % worldwide, while the prevalence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is 6.96% and that of vision-threatening DR (VTDR) is computed to be 10.2% (2). Currently, the prevalen...Read More
Covid Time: Standard Operating Procedures of Various Ophthalmic Societies & Institutes
COVID-19 pandemic has eclipsed the earth. And we need to fight it together; together with our joint efforts, we can defeat this pandemic. As ophthalmologists, we are one of the frontline commandos against it. From eOphtha, we have tried to compile various standard operating procedures and guidelines being followed by various ophthalmic and optometry practices all over the world. Kindly click the l...Read More
Cornea Edema : Ready Reckoner for the Post Graduates
Corneal edema is defined as the increase in the thickness of cornea due to the accumulation of extracellular fluid in epithelium and stroma resulting in loss of corneal transparency. Pathophysiology: Cornea remains in a relatively dehydrated state maintaining a 78% hydration level. Corneal hydration depends on 5 factors. 1. Stromal swelling pressure (SP) This is the tendency of stroma to swell due...Read More
Ten Tips for the Beginners for Performing Pediatric Cataract Surgery
Congenital cataract has a worldwide prevalence of 4.24 per 10,000 people, with the largest prevalence found in Asia (1). It is one of the most important causes of treatable causes of childhood blindness (2). 1.Timing of cataract surgery In order to prevent stimulus deprivation amblyopia, children with dense visually significant bilateral congenital cataracts, surgery should be done at around 6–8 w...Read More