Top Tips for Toric IOLs for Young Ophthalmologists: Should You Make the Plunge?
The use of TORIC IOL in the modern cataract surgical world has rightfully become a necessary tool for all surgeons. This is because of the demand for customization and the need for great refractive outcomes, rendering all cataract surgeries as “REFRACTIVE CATARACT SURGERIES” today! Patients no longer are happy being dependent on glasses or want to miss the chance of being less dependent on glasses...Read More
HLA-B27 associated Acute Anterior Uveitis
Introduction Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) results from a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier and acute inflammation of the iris and ciliary body. It is the most common form of uveitis encountered the world over. Keratic precipitates (KPs) are characteristic of AAU and represent inflammatory cells that deposit on the corneal endothelium due to the upregulation of adhesion molecules in response t...Read More
Optic Disc Evaluation in Glaucoma
Glaucoma, by definition, is chronic, progressive optic neuropathy.[1-3] Structural damage to the optic nerve head (ONH) is a characteristic feature of glaucoma and precedes visual field loss in most cases. Para-papillary changes may also be observed in eyes with glaucoma. The mere presence of raised intraocular pressure is not glaucoma. Hence, the optic disc evaluation is the first and most import...Read More
Ten Pearls to Improve Your Surgical Skills in Oculoplasty
Oculoplastic surgery, despite being a niche surgical branch, encompasses a variety of procedures involving the nasolacrimal apparatus, orbit and eyelids. Having evolved into a speciality only in the last 6-7 decades, it also includes fields such as trauma, oncology and oculofacial aesthetics, which make it fascinating as well as challenging1. Just as in most ophthalmic sub-specialities, Oculoplast...Read More
Ten Pearls for Managing A case of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in many developing economies, such as China and India. Type 2 DM contributes to 90% of the cases. An astonishing 53 % of these cases remain undiagnosed(1). Health-seeking behaviour in India is amongst the poorest with 90% of patients being not aware of the need for regular fundus examination(2). The onus of imparting knowledge on such patients lies with th...Read More
Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of posterior uveitis in the world, accounting for over 80% of the cases in some regions[1-5]. For many years, ocular toxoplasmosis was considered to be the result of the recurrence of the congenital form of the disease [6]. However, it is recently believed that acquired infections might be a more important cause of ocular diseases than congenita...Read More
Ten Facts Every Ophthalmologist Should Know About Lubricating Eye Drops
Introduction Artificial tear substitutes lubricate and protect the ocular surface and provide relief from ocular dryness, irritation, and burning sensation. They play a major role in providing symptomatic relief and are widely used for all types of dry eye diseases and nonspecific causes of ocular fatigue as well. Choosing the right kind of lubricating drops is of utmost importance. A number of re...Read More
Corneal Ulcer Simplified for the Postgraduates: Ten Points
An ulcer is a breach in the continuity of corneal epithelial. However, a corneal ulcer is an epithelial breach with superficial tissue loss (subepithelial or stroma) having variable grades of inflammation. The causes can be infectious (bacterial, fungal, viral, Pythium) and autoimmune (marginal keratitis, peripheral ulcerative keratitis). Here, we discuss ten essential clinical key points for diag...Read More
Polymerase Chain Reaction in Ocular Infections
Newer technological progressions in molecular science have paved the way for a better understanding of infectious diseases. DNA-based molecular diagnostic techniques which are specific, sensitive, and rapid in the identification of the pathogen in the clinical specimen has been developed extensively over the past decades The rapid identi?cation of speci?c infectious agents is very important for th...Read More
A 30-year-old male presented to the glaucoma clinic with complaints of gradually progressive diminution of vision in both eyes, left eye more than right, since 5 years. The visual disturbance was not associated with redness, pain, photophobia, or colored haloes. Past Ocular History: He was diagnosed with glaucoma elsewhere 5 years ago and started on anti-glaucoma medications(AGM). His baseline int...Read More