Fifty Percent in Ophthalmology
Approximately 50 % of eyes develop NVG following ischaemic CRVO 50% of patients with ICE syndrome have glaucoma 50% of Cogan Rees patients have absent iris atrophy 50% of congenital glaucoma patients develop visual field loss 50% of patients with Reiger syndrome develop glaucoma 50% of patients with Peter’s anomaly develop glaucoma 50% of patients with NF-1 who develop glaucoma also develop neurof...Read More
Back Bencher's Note: Must Know About Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) The word diabetes mellitus comes from the Greek words “Diabetes” means “siphon” and mellitus which means “honey tested urine”. According to American Diabetes Association, the diagnosis of diabetes can be made in a person who symptomatic with polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight loss, and random plasma glucose level is >= 200 mg/dl and or fasting glucose level is >= 12...Read More
Studies and trials in ophthalmology Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study (DRVS) Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Sorbinil Retin...Read More
Standard Diagnostic Criteria for various conditions Diagnostic criteria for acute retinal necrosis: American Uveitis Society Diagnostic Criteria for Behçet’s Disease Diagnostic Criteria for Birdshot Chorioretinopathy for Research Purposes ICHD-II Diagnostic Criteria for Cluster Headache Diagnostic criteria for cryptophthalmos syndrome Diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki disease Criteria for Diagnosis...Read More
‘Science only advances when unexpected observations cause a frame shift in our previously held beliefs’. Karl Popper Case reports are the best ways to start publishing and it can be a valuable tool for both the author and the reader. Though there are numerous ways for medical writing; case reports are the best ways to start publishing. From Hippocrates (460B.C. to 370 B.C.) to modern-day practice,...Read More
Introduction: The goals of wound closure include obliteration of dead space, even distribution of tension along deep suture lines, maintenance of tensile strength across the wound until tissue tensile strength is adequate, and approximation and eversion of the epithelial portion of the closure. Methods for mechanical wound closure include staples, tape, adhesive, and sutures. Each method has speci...Read More
Normal Values in Ophthalmology
PARAMETER VALUES Diameter of eye ball Antero posterior 24 mm Lateral (horizontal) 23.5 mm Vertical 23 mm Axial length of eye ball At birth 18 mm At 3 yrs age 23 mm At 14 yrs age 24 mm Circumference of eye ball 75 mm Volume of eye ball 6.5 ml Weight of eye ball 7 gm Diameter of ant surface of cornea horizontal 11.75 mm vertical 11 mm Diameter of posterior surface of cornea 11.5 mm Thickness of corn...Read More
How to evaluate a Humphrey Visual field in Practical Examination
Visual field is the part of environment that is visible to the steadily fixing eye. The limits of visual field for each fixing eye is 60 degrees superiorly and nasally, 75 degrees inferiorly and 110 degrees temporally. Fig 1 shows the normal island of vision as described by TRAQUAIR. The hill is highest at fixation, where the visual sensitivity is highest and as we go peripherally the height of hi...Read More
Peripheral Retinal Degenerations
The peripheral retina extends from equator to ora serrata , comprises of extensive degenerative changes and anatomical variations with clinical importance in certain situations indicating the importance of meticulous examination of peripheral retina with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Anatomically, peripheral retinal degenerations can be categorized in the following ways : Vitreo-retinal degenerations :...Read More