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61–70 of 71 articles Page 7 of 8
  1. 7 May 2020 6 min read

    The Golden Blog: Interactive Session with Dr. Harinikrishna

    Dr. B. Harinikrishna MBBS., DO, completed MBBS in Government Vellore medical college, Vellore. She completed her Diploma in Ophthalmology from Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute, Madurai. She received Dr. Rema Mohan Gold Medal for securing the highest mark in Post Graduate Diploma in Ophthalmology in 2019 Tamilnadu Dr. MGR University examinations. She also received the Dr. G. Venkatasamy memorial award for proficiency from Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai. She has presented posters and papers at national conferences. She has developed a keen interest in Neuro-Ophthalmology in which she would like to specialize in her career. On the personal front, she is a trained classical singer and a Bharatanatyam dancer. She has performed in multiple events and stages. She truly believes in giving back to the society and environment that has supported her and actively involved with NGOs in supporting the less privileged. Dr. B. Harinikrishna was kind enough to talk to eOphtha and share h

    Dr. B. Harinikrishna
  2. 5 May 2020 7 min read

    The Golden Blog: Interactive Session with Dr. Arkaprava Pradhan

    Dr. Arkaprava Pradhan MBBS, DNB (Gold medallist), has completed MBBS from Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata. He has done DNB Ophthalmology from Aravind Eye Hospital and postgraduate institute, Tirunelveli, and worked as a Medical officer at Aravind Eye Hospital. He has received Dr. G. Venkataswamy Gold Medal for securing the highest mark in the DNB examination in June 2018 session. He got the distinction in ICO Basic science and Clinical science examination. He was a finalist in the Erudio quiz twice. He visited the National Institute of Ophthalmology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, as a guest faculty in Community Ophthalmology. He has presented many papers and posters so far in national conferences. He is a life member of the All India Ophthalmological Society and Tamil Nadu ophthalmic association. He has a keen interest in doing research in Ocular oncology and Ocular trauma. Dr. Arkaprava was kind enough to talk to us and share his experience during his post-graduation. eOphtha: Congrat

    Dr. Arkaprava Pradhan
  3. 16 Apr 2020 1 min read

    Fifty Percent in Ophthalmology

    Approximately 50 % of eyes develop NVG following ischaemic CRVO 50% of patients with ICE syndrome have glaucoma 50% of Cogan Rees patients have absent iris atrophy 50% of congenital glaucoma patients develop visual field loss 50% of patients with Reiger syndrome develop glaucoma 50% of patients with Peter’s anomaly develop glaucoma 50% of patients with NF-1 who develop glaucoma also develop neurofibroma of upper eyelid or facial hemiatrophy 50% of lacrimal gland masses are inflammatory and 50 % are neoplastic. After 5 years of ALT, 50% of eyes have controlled IOP Bleeding occurs in 50% cases after Nd:YAG irodotomy 50% of infants at birth, have obstrtuction of NLD at the level of valve Hasner 50% of patients with angioid streaks have systemic associations 50% of all retinal detachments are associated with one or more breaks 50% of cases of IPCV have good prognosis Maculopathy occurs in 50% cases of non central optic disc pits Cancer associated retinopathy is the initial manifestation of

    Dr. Md. Shahid Alam
  4. 14 Apr 2020 14 min read

    Back Bencher's Note: Must Know About Diabetic Retinopathy

    Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) The word diabetes mellitus comes from the Greek words “Diabetes” means “siphon” and mellitus which means “honey tested urine”. According to American Diabetes Association, the diagnosis of diabetes can be made in a person who symptomatic with polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight loss, and random plasma glucose level is >= 200 mg/dl and or fasting glucose level is >= 126 mg/dl. Diabetic retinopathy is a vascular complication of the disease and a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Risk factors for the development of DR: Duration of diabetes Poor control of diabetes. Pregnancy Hypertension, Nephropathy Miscellaneous like hyperlipidemia, smoking, cataract surgery, obesity, and anemia. Pathogenesis of DR: Characteristic pathological Changes in DR are- 1. Pericyte Loss: Abnormal pericytic deposition of material due to sorbitol or advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through the aldose reductase polyol pathway. 2. Basement Membrane (BM)Changes: Retinal Capill

    Back Bencher
  5. 5 Apr 2020 8 min read

    Peripheral Retinal Degenerations

    The peripheral retina extends from equator to ora serrata , comprises of extensive degenerative changes and anatomical variations with clinical importance in certain situations indicating the importance of meticulous examination of peripheral retina with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Anatomically, peripheral retinal degenerations can be categorized in the following ways : Vitreo-retinal degenerations : Lattice degeneration Snail track degeneration Snowflake degeneration White without pressure ( WWOP) Intraretinal degenerations : Microcystoid degeneration (Typical and reticular) Degenerative Retinoschisis Pars plana cyst Chorioretinal degenerations : Paving stone degenerations Tips for peripheral Fundus examination : The patient is asked to lie in the supine position and indirect ophthalmoscope mounted on the examiner’s head with a 20D condensing lens placed parallel to the iris plane. The patient is asked to look away from the examiner in the extreme periphery in the direction of the quadra

    Dr. Subham Sinha Roy
  6. 5 Apr 2020 6 min read

    How to evaluate a Humphrey Visual field in Practical Examination

    Visual field is the part of environment that is visible to the steadily fixing eye. The limits of visual field for each fixing eye is 60 degrees superiorly and nasally, 75 degrees inferiorly and 110 degrees temporally. Fig 1 shows the normal island of vision as described by TRAQUAIR. The hill is highest at fixation, where the visual sensitivity is highest and as we go peripherally the height of hill decreases due to decreasing visual sensitivity in the periphery. Based on this principle the modern visual field testings are operated. Perimetry is the measurement of “Hill of Vision” in terms of establishing the patient’s differential light sensitivity. There are mainly two types of perimetry test: Kinetic (ie. Bjerrum’s screen, Goldmann, Lister perimetry) Static /automated (ie. Humphrey, octopus) We will be discussing about how to evaluate the Humphrey visual field (HVF). Before delving deep into the Humphrey field testing, we should know few basic points which will keep on revolving dur

    Dr. Tamonash Basu
  7. 5 Apr 2020 5 min read

    Normal Values in Ophthalmology

    PARAMETER VALUES Diameter of eye ball Antero posterior 24 mm Lateral (horizontal) 23.5 mm Vertical 23 mm Axial length of eye ball At birth 18 mm At 3 yrs age 23 mm At 14 yrs age 24 mm Circumference of eye ball 75 mm Volume of eye ball 6.5 ml Weight of eye ball 7 gm Diameter of ant surface of cornea horizontal 11.75 mm vertical 11 mm Diameter of posterior surface of cornea 11.5 mm Thickness of cornea In the centre 0.52 mm In periphery 0.67 mm Radius of curvature of central cornea anterior 7.8 mm posterior 6.5 mm Refractive index of cornea 1.376 Refractive power of cornea As a whole + 43 D Anterior surface + 48 D Posterior surface - 5 D Corneal endothelial cell density At birth 6000 /mm2 Young adults 2400-3000 /mm2(parson 2800 /mm2) decompensation 10 sec, 0.5 mm Length of palpebral fissure Horizontal 18-21 mm at birth, 28-30 mm adult Vertical in the centre 8 mm at birth, 9-11 mm adult Length of LPS muscle and tendon 40 mm, 15 mm Size of tarsus- length, thickness 29 mm,1 mm Height of tars

    Team eOphtha
  8. 5 Apr 2020 11 min read

    Sutures & Needle

    Introduction: The goals of wound closure include obliteration of dead space, even distribution of tension along deep suture lines, maintenance of tensile strength across the wound until tissue tensile strength is adequate, and approximation and eversion of the epithelial portion of the closure. Methods for mechanical wound closure include staples, tape, adhesive, and sutures. Each method has specific indications, advantages and disadvantages. Suture closure permits primary wound healing. Tissues are held in proximity until enough healing occurs to withstand stress without mechanical support. Skillful wound closure requires not only knowledge of proper surgical techniques but also knowledge of the physical characteristics and properties of the suture and needle. SUTURES: Suture selection is dependent on the anatomic site, surgeon's preference, and the required suture characteristics. The main consideration in needle selection is to minimize trauma. Suture qualities Ideal suture characte

    Dr. Pratheeba Devi · Dr. Bipasha Mukherjee
  9. 5 Apr 2020 8 min read

    How to Write a Case Report

    ‘Science only advances when unexpected observations cause a frame shift in our previously held beliefs’. Karl Popper Case reports are the best ways to start publishing and it can be a valuable tool for both the author and the reader. Though there are numerous ways for medical writing; case reports are the best ways to start publishing. From Hippocrates (460B.C. to 370 B.C.) to modern-day practice, physicians of all specialties have described interesting cases in their fields. [1], [2] More than 240000 case reports have been published in various journals from 1997-2002 as per Medline report. [3] Case reports have also been used as a teaching tool. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Parkinson’s disease were first described in case study format. [4], [5] Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was originally described as Retrolental fibroplasia by Terry [6] in 1952, who related it with premature birth. Even though case reports are not the best scientific evidence still many authors be

    Dr. Nishat Bansal · Dr. Jyotirmay Biswas
  10. 5 Apr 2020 14 min read

    Diagnostic Criteria

    Standard Diagnostic Criteria for various conditions Diagnostic criteria for acute retinal necrosis: American Uveitis Society Diagnostic Criteria for Behçet’s Disease Diagnostic Criteria for Birdshot Chorioretinopathy for Research Purposes ICHD-II Diagnostic Criteria for Cluster Headache Diagnostic criteria for cryptophthalmos syndrome Diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki disease Criteria for Diagnosis of Lyme Disease ICHD-II Diagnostic Criteria for Migraine Diagnostic Criteria for Neurofibromatosis American Rheumatism Association’s Revised Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis International Criteria for the Diagnosis of Ocular Sarcoidosis New Classification Criteria for Sjo¨gren’s Syndrome by American College of Rheumatology AMERICAN COLLEGE of RHEUMATOLOGY CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA FOR SLE The American Rheumatology Association’s Criteria for the Classification of Systemic Sclerosis Diagnostic Criteria for Tension-type headache Diagnostic Criteria for von Hippel–Lindau Disease Revised Criteria f

    Team eOphtha