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#Top Ten Series

55 articles
  1. Students Gallery 1 Apr 2021 4 min read

    Ten Tips for Clearing the FRCS Examination

    The FRCS examinations have for long been considered an elite qualification in ophthalmology. While the format and pattern of the examination will evolve in the future, more so due to the special circumstances brought about by the COVID pandemic, certain principles will continue to prevail. The examination generally comprises a written component (multiple-choice questions and/or essay questions) and face-to-face components – the viva voce and the clinical stations. 1. Know why you wish to clear this examination What is your motivation to appear for this examination? Do you wish to prove something to yourself and/or your peers? Are you excited by the prospect of additional degrees? Do you think your job prospects will improve? Once you have a clear goal of what it is that you wish to achieve by becoming an FRCS, your roadmap for appearing and passing the examination will become clear. I would strongly advise against setting down this path half-heartedly or changing one’s mind midway. It

    Dr. Devendra Venkatramani
  2. Articles 1 Apr 2021 7 min read

    The Novice VR Surgeon -Ten mistakes to avoid

    Mastering vitreoretinal surgery is a slow and arduous process with each case being different from the other and it is just about possible to have only a “feel” of a kind of case during the fellowship, not mastery of it. The budding VR surgeon would necessarily have to hone her / his skills in the real world outside their alma mater and the following guidelines can aid mitigate the stress and angst. This is just a comprehensive list, not a complete one, an addendum or a reinforcement of what has been imparted at the fellow ship. 1. Not being familiar with the equipment Vitreoretinal surgery is machine dependent and an optimal surgical outcome is the result of efficient use of equipment, be it the microscope, vitrectomy machine, laser console etc., Knowing the equipment’s capabilities and limitations by reading the manuals will help exploit the machine’s capabilities to the maximum, resulting in an optimal surgical outcome and also minimize complications during surgery. Equipment at the

    Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam
  3. Articles 1 Apr 2021 8 min read

    Down's Syndrome: Ten Points All Ophthalmologists Should Know

    Down’s syndrome is a trisomy caused by an extra copy of chromosome 211. The extrachromosomal material is transmitted either by non-disjunction, unbalanced translocation, or mosaicism. It is the most common chromosomal anomaly seen in live births2. As an ophthalmologist, it is important to screen for ocular abnormalities since the incidence of ophthalmic disorders is between 46-100%3. One study found 97 % of children with Down’s syndrome with at least one ocular abnormality4. This proves the necessity to carefully screen these children for any disorders and their prompt treatment. It is recommended that all children diagnosed with Down’s syndrome must undergo evaluation by a Pediatric ophthalmologist before the age of 6 months and then annually thereafter if no abnormalities are found at the first visit 5 Although there are many ophthalmological anomalies seen in Down’s syndrome, we will be discussing only the ten most clinically significant ones below. 1. Refractive Error and Visual ac

    Dr. Nikita Pathare
  4. Articles 1 Apr 2021 4 min read

    Ten Things You Should Know about Brolucizumab

    1. Brolucizumab is a humanized, single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody with a molecular mass of approximately 26 kDa that inhibits VEGF-A.[1] (An scFv is an autonomous binding agent that is no longer dependent on a heavy molecular support structure but still retains the full binding capacity to its target). Mechanism of Action of Brolucizumab Unique Properties of Brolucizumab 2. The pharmacokinetics of a single intravitreal (IVT) injection of Brolucizumab in cynomolgus monkeys revealed a mean terminal half-life of 2.4 ± 0.3 days in all ocular compartments. It was cleared from the serum with a mean half-life of 51 hours (approximately 2 days).[2] Brolucizumab Bevacizumab Ranibizumab Aflibercept Molecule Short-chain variable fragment Full antibody (IgG) Monoclonal humanized antibody format Fusion protein Clinical dose in neovascular ARMD 6 mg 1.25 mg* 0.5 mg 2 mg Equivalent Molar dose 11.2-13.3 0.4-0.5 0.5-0.6 1.0 Table: Molecular properties of anti-VEGF agents (ARMD= Age-related

    Dr. Anmol Naik

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