Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam

MBBS, DO, FRCSEd, PhD, FAICO

Head of the department of vitreoretina and ocular oncology services, Sankara Eye Hospitals.

3 articles

Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam is currently working as Head of vitreoretinal services across all Sankara eye hospitals and ocular oncology services in Sankara eye hospital, Bangalore. His interests are medical retina, surgical retina, vitreoretinal surgery, ocular oncology, pediatric retinal surgery including ROP. He has around 150 articles in peer reviewed journals. He co-founded retnetindia and has won some awards including the Colonel Rangachari, Siva Reddy oration, Swarnalatha Punshi best research worker, M. G. Bhide memorial award, Samar Kumar Biswas award etc. He has been invited in various national and international conferences and he has been training fellows since 1993.

  1. Articles 2 Apr 2021 60 min read

    Retinal vein occlusion

    Introduction Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common retinal vascular disease to cause visual loss in adults after diabetic retinopathy. RVO has been classified into two main types, namely Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), the latter being more prevalent. Hemi-retinal vein occlusion has been classified separately since pathogenetically they are different as compared to the above two groups. In the following chapter a brief introduction to these variants of RVO, along with their epidemiology, clinicopathological profile, and treatment has been discussed. Epidemiology [1] The most recently published study summarizing 68,751 individuals from 15 studies, quoted that the prevalence of RVO was 5.20 per 1000 (for any form of RVO). The prevalence of BRVO alone was 4.42 per 1000 (95% CI 3.65–5.19) and that of CRVO was 0.80 per 1000. According to Hayreh et al, prevalence varied by ethnicity and increased with age, but do not differ by gen

    Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam, MBBS, DO, FRCSEd, PhD, FAICO · Divyansh Mishra · +1 other
  2. Articles 1 Apr 2021 17 min read

    The Effects & Techniques of Scleral Buckle in Treatment of Retinal Detachment

    Introduction: Scleral buckle surgery is indicated for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Scleral buckling indents the sclera and the overlying choroid retinal pigment epithelium complex towards the retinal break in the detached retina, resulting in retinal reattachment. Scleral buckle surgery evolved out of the works of Jules Gonin, who identified retinal breaks as the cause of retinal detachment, Custodis, Lincoff and Schepens who devised ways of using an epi / intrascleral implant to “buckle” the sclera inward to create the indent.1-3 Principles of scleral buckling: The aim of scleral buckling is to close all retinal breaks to achieve permanent reattachment of the retina. General principles of retinal detachment surgery- Search for the breaks, find all the breaks, seal all the breaks, and relieve vitro retinal traction. This is achieved by - Identification of the retinal break Retinopexy – creating a sterile inflammatory reaction that would result subsequently in chori

    Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam, MBBS, DO, FRCSEd, PhD, FAICO · Dr. Pradeep Sagar, MBBS, MD · +1 other
  3. Articles 1 Apr 2021 7 min read

    The Novice VR Surgeon -Ten mistakes to avoid

    Mastering vitreoretinal surgery is a slow and arduous process with each case being different from the other and it is just about possible to have only a “feel” of a kind of case during the fellowship, not mastery of it. The budding VR surgeon would necessarily have to hone her / his skills in the real world outside their alma mater and the following guidelines can aid mitigate the stress and angst. This is just a comprehensive list, not a complete one, an addendum or a reinforcement of what has been imparted at the fellow ship. 1. Not being familiar with the equipment Vitreoretinal surgery is machine dependent and an optimal surgical outcome is the result of efficient use of equipment, be it the microscope, vitrectomy machine, laser console etc., Knowing the equipment’s capabilities and limitations by reading the manuals will help exploit the machine’s capabilities to the maximum, resulting in an optimal surgical outcome and also minimize complications during surgery. Equipment at the

    Dr. P. Mahesh Shanmugam, MBBS, DO, FRCSEd, PhD, FAICO