Ten Tips for Management of Nystagmus
Nystagmus is defined as an involuntary rhythmic oscillation of one or both the eyes. Clinical assessment and eye movement recordings are important to diagnose and classify nystagmus. It is essential to have patience while examining a child, as anxiety often increases nystagmus. 1.Classification Physiological eye movements have to be differentiated from pathological eye movements. The older etiology-based classification of nystagmus is redesigned into characteristics-based new classification by CEMAS (Classification of Eye Movement and Strabismus). Infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) is characterized by horizontal conjugate nystagmus, infantile-onset, accelerating slow phase, increase with fixation attempt, convergence dampening, and presence of null zone with decreased amplitude. Fusion maldevelopment nystagmus syndrome (FMNS) is characterized by decelerating slow phase, associated strabismus, a latent component with fast phase towards fixing eye and decrease in intensity with adduction

