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Dots & Spots in Ophthalmology
Bitot's spot=White, foamy area of keratinising squamous metaplasia of bulbar conjunctiva,seen in vitamin A deficiency.
Brushfield spot=Whitish grey spot in peripheral iris,seen in Down's syndrome.
Elschnig spot=Yellow patches overlying area of choroidal infarction in hypertension.
Fischer-Khunt spot=Senile scleral paque,area of hyalinised sclera anterior horizontal rectus muscle insertion.Seen in old age.
Fuch's spot=Pigmented (RPE hyperplasia) macular leisons in pathological myopia.
Gunn's dot=light reflectios from internal limiting membrane around disc and macula
Horner-Trantras Dot=Collections of eosinophils at limbus in vernal conjunctivitis.
Kayes' dot=subepithelial infiltrates seen in corneal graft rejection
Mittendorf's dot=whitish spot at posterior lens surface,remnant of hyaloid artery.
Roth spots=haemorrhageswith white centres,seen in SABE, severe anaemia,collagen vascular disorders.
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Lines in Ophthalmology
Arlt's Line = conjunctival scar in sulcus subtarsalis.
Ehrlich-Turck Line = linear deposition of KPs in ueitis
Ferry's Line = corneal epithelial iron line at the edge of filtering blebs.
Hudson-Stahil Line= Horizonatl corneal epithelial iron line at the inferior one third of cornea due to aging.
Khodadoust Line = corneal graft endothelial rejection line composed of inflammatory cells.
Paton's Line = Circumferential retinal folds due to optic nerve edema.
Sampaoelesi line = Increased pigmentation anterior to Schwalbe's line in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Scheie's Line = pigment on lens equator and posterior capsule in pigment dispersion syndrome.
Schwalbe's Line = Angle structure representing peripheral edge of Descemets membrane.
Stockers Line = Corneal epithelial iron line at the edge of pterygium
White lines of Vogt = Sheathed or sclerosed vessels seen in Lattice degeneration

iron lines

Figure: Diagramatic representation of deposition of iron in cornea

 

 

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