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Dots & Spots in Ophthalmology
Bitot's spot=White, foamy area of keratinising squamous metaplasia of bulbar conjunctiva,seen in vitamin A deficiency.
Brushfield spot=Whitish grey spot in peripheral iris,seen in Down's syndrome.
Elschnig spot=Yellow patches overlying area of choroidal infarction in hypertension.
Fischer-Khunt spot=Senile scleral paque,area of hyalinised sclera anterior horizontal rectus muscle insertion.Seen in old age.
Fuch's spot=Pigmented (RPE hyperplasia) macular leisons in pathological myopia.
Gunn's dot=light reflectios from internal limiting membrane around disc and macula
Horner-Trantras Dot=Collections of eosinophils at limbus in vernal conjunctivitis.
Kayes' dot=subepithelial infiltrates seen in corneal graft rejection
Mittendorf's dot=whitish spot at posterior lens surface,remnant of hyaloid artery.
Roth spots=haemorrhageswith white centres,seen in SABE, severe anaemia,collagen vascular disorders.
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Lines in Ophthalmology
Arlt's Line = conjunctival scar in sulcus subtarsalis.
Ehrlich-Turck Line = linear deposition of KPs in ueitis
Ferry's Line = corneal epithelial iron line at the edge of filtering blebs.
Hudson-Stahil Line= Horizonatl corneal epithelial iron line at the inferior one third of cornea due to aging.
Khodadoust Line = corneal graft endothelial rejection line composed of inflammatory cells.
Paton's Line = Circumferential retinal folds due to optic nerve edema.
Sampaoelesi line = Increased pigmentation anterior to Schwalbe's line in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
Scheie's Line = pigment on lens equator and posterior capsule in pigment dispersion syndrome.
Schwalbe's Line = Angle structure representing peripheral edge of Descemets membrane.
Stockers Line = Corneal epithelial iron line at the edge of pterygium
White lines of Vogt = Sheathed or sclerosed vessels seen in Lattice degeneration

Figure: Diagramatic representation of deposition of iron in cornea
Here we have uploaded the ophthalmology question papers of MS,DO and DNB examinations.You can also send us ophthalmology question papers of your college or university at eophtha@gmail.com
- BHU Question Bank of Postgraduate Examinations Special thanks to Dr.Prakash Kumar

- DNB Ophthalmology Question Papers 2009(DEC) Special thanks to Dr.Vardhaman & Dr.Shrutika
- DNB Ophthalmology Question Papers 2008 (Dec & June) Special thanks to Dr.Sudhanshu Saini
- AIIMS Ophthalmology Question Papers Special thanks to Dr.Vishal Agarwal.
- DNB Question papers 2009 (JUNE) Special Thanks to Dr.Harsha S. Pagad
- Assam University Ophthalmology Question Bank Compiled by : Dr Sarbani Roy, Dr Pranab Sikdar
Coming soon..... BHU, MAMC and Chattisgarh University question papers
- Differentiation between RP & Leber’s Congenital Amaurosis
- Pigment Dispersion syndrome Vs Pseudo exfoliation syndrome
- Congenital glaucoma
- Supranuclear control of ocular motility
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Biomicroscopic examination of the fundus